What characterizes Bipolar 1 Disorder?

Bipolar 1 Disorder is characterized by the presence of at least one manic episode. This manic episode can be preceded or followed by hypomanic episodes or major depressive episodes, but the defining feature of the disorder is the occurrence of the manic episode itself. A manic episode involves a period of abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and increased activity or energy lasting at least one week, leading to significant impairment in functioning or requiring hospitalization to prevent harm.

Choosing the option that states it is a type marked by at least one manic episode reflects an understanding of the diagnostic criteria set out in the DSM-5. This distinction is crucial, as it highlights the episodic nature of the disorder and the manic episodes' role in differentiating Bipolar 1 from other mood disorders, particularly unipolar depression or Bipolar 2, which does not include full manic episodes but rather hypomanic episodes.

In contrast, the other options do not accurately reflect the key features of Bipolar 1 Disorder. The notion of only depressive episodes does not pertain to the criteria for this disorder. Similarly, stating it involves only manic episodes overlooks the fact that individuals may experience depressive episodes as well. Lastly, frequent fluctuations without clear episodes suggest a different pattern