What type of medication is commonly used for treating depression and anxiety?

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a class of medications that are specifically designed to treat depression and anxiety by increasing the levels of serotonin in the brain. Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that plays a critical role in regulating mood, and enhancing its availability can lead to improved emotional well-being. SSRIs are often the first line of treatment for various mood disorders due to their efficacy and generally favorable side effect profile.

Given their targeted action on serotonin pathways, SSRIs are widely prescribed for conditions such as major depressive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and panic disorder, among others. Their effectiveness in reducing symptoms of depression and anxiety makes them a standard choice among mental health professionals.

Other medication types listed, such as opioids, beta-blockers, and stimulants, serve different purposes and are not typically considered first-line treatments for depression and anxiety. Opioids are primarily used for pain relief, beta-blockers are often prescribed for cardiovascular issues and anxiety, particularly in performance situations, and stimulants are generally used for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Therefore, SSRIs represent a well-established option in the pharmacological management of mood and anxiety disorders.